About Computer:
Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with information. The term computer is derived from Latin term 'computare', this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer can not do anything without a program. It represents the decimal numbers through a string of binary digits. The word computer usually refers to the Central Processing Unit plus Internal memory.
Charles Babbage is "Father" of the computer. The First mechanical computer is designed by Charles Babbage was called Analytical Engine. It uses read-only memory in the form of punch cards.
Functionalities of a Computer:- There are three basic functionalities of a Computer System and they are:
1. Input
2. Process
3. Output
Advantages of Computers:- Following are certain advantages of computers.
1. High Speed
• Computer is a very fast device.
• It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data.
• The computer has units of speed in microsecond, nanosecond, and even picosecond.
• It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as compared to man who will spend many months to perform the same task.
2. Accuracy
• In addition to being very fast, computers are very accurate.
• The calculations are 100% error free.
• Computers perform all jobs with 100% accuracy provided that the input is correct.
3. Storage Capability
• Memory is a very important characteristic of computers.
• A computer has much more storage capacity than human beings.
• It can store large amount of data.
• It can store any type of data such as images, videos, text, audio etc.
4. Diligence
• Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness, and lack of concentration.
• It can work continuously without any error and boredom.
• It can perform repeated tasks with the same speed and accuracy.
5. Versatility
• A computer is a very versatile machine.
• A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done.
• This machine can be used to solve the problems related to various fields.
• At one instance, it may be solving a complex scientific problem and the very next moment it may be playing a card game.
6. Reliability
• A computer is a reliable machine.
• Modern electronic components have long lives.
• Computers are designed to make maintenance easy.
7. Automation
• Computer is an automatic machine.
• Automation is the ability to perform a given task automatically. Once the computer receives program i.e. the program is stored in the computer memory, then the program and instruction can control the program execution without human interaction.
8. Reduction in Paper Work and Cost
• The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction in paper work and results in speeding up the process.
• As data in electronic files can be retrieved as and when required, the problem of maintenance of large number of paper files gets reduced.
• Through the initial investment for installing a computer is high, it substantially reduces the cost of each of its transaction.
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